Splenic Lymphoma with an Incidental Hemolytic Anemia: A Rare Association.

Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL) is a rare malignancy that comprises less than 1% of lymphoid neoplasms, characterized by the presence of small atypical lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and bone marrow and splenic infiltration in the white and red pulp. It must be distinguished from other chronic lymphoproliferative disorders that present with a similar clinical and hematological profile. Here, we report a case of SLVL in a 60-year-old male with leukocytosis, massive splenomegaly, and relatively few small sized leukemic cells presenting with a Coomb’s positive hemolytic anemia. It was initially diagnosed as chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The immunophenotyping studies and marrow examination indicated a diagnosis of SLVL. This case highlights the diagnostic pitfalls associated with this rare disorder.

A comparative study of the clinical efficiency of chemomechanical caries removal using Carisolv® and Papacarie® - A papain gel.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficiency of chemomechanical caries removal using Carisolv® and Papacarie® - a papain gel. Materials and Methods: The Carisolv® system for caries removal, consisting of a solvent gel and a specially designed hand instrument, was compared to Papacarie - a papain gel. The outcome variables were: time taken for complete caries removal and volume of carious tissue excavated. Forty patients in the age-group of 20-40 years, having Black's class I dentinal caries with cavity entrance size of ≥3 mm in the molars, were enrolled for the study. The time taken for the complete removal of caries was measured using a stopwatch. Pre- and post-excavation single-step putty/wash elastomeric impression was recorded using addition silicone impression material. Subsequently, casts were poured and measured under a traveling microscope. The total volume of caries excavated was computed using the formula π (d/2)2 h. The difference between the two groups in clinical efficiency and volume excavated was statistically analyzed using the Student's unpaired 't' test. Results: The time for caries removal with Carisolv® and Papacarie® were, respectively, 11.67 ± 3.25 minutes and 10.48 ± 2.96 minutes (P>.05). The mean volume of carious tissue removed with Papacarie® (135.99 ± 66.43 mm 3 ) was higher than that with Carisolv® (126.33 ± 53.56 mm 3 ); however, the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Carisolv® and Papacarie® have similar clinically efficiency as chemomechanical agents for dentinal caries removal.

Complicated falciparum malaria.

We studied 50 cases of complicated falciparum malaria in order to evaluate the different clinical presentations. Thirty five had cerebral malaria while 15 presented with extracerebral features including diarrhea and vomiting (n = 6), hepatitis (n = 4), acute renal failure (n = 3), and gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 2). These cases were treated with quinine. Mortality was higher in extracerebral form (33.3%) as compared to cerebral malaria (22%). Our study suggests that even though cerebral malaria remains the single most important cause of high mortality in complicated falciparum malaria, extracerebral presentation of falciparum malaria is equally life threatening and should be viewed seriously.

Oropalatal band (maxillo-mandibular band). off.

A rare case of a maxillo-mandibular band in a 21 year female patient is reported. Possibility of its being a remnant of buccaphary geal membrane is discussed in the light of clinical and histological findings.

Cell mediated immune status in carcinoma breast.

Thirty six cases of carcinoma breast were subjected to the assessment of CMI status by estimating different T lymphocyte parameters. The mean TPLC, T% and TTC in case of carcinoma were 1955/mm3 blood, 41% and 825/mm3 blood respectively which are evidently depressed than that of controls. This depression is progressive and clinical stage related, the least being in stage I and the most being in stage IV. The infiltrating varieties revealed a significant depression of T lymphocyte values than the non-infiltrating ones. Among the infiltrating types, IDC (T-38.9%) and Muc. Ca (T-29.1%) revealed most significant depression, thereby indicating worst prognosis. Six cases of IDCS, 2 cases of Medullary Ca and a solitary case of comedo Ca revealed a significant lymphocyte infiltration into the tumour cell mass proper. There was a depressed lymphocyte values but of lesser magnitude indicating a better prognosis. 6 cases without metastasis (clinical St. I) showed a lesser degree of depressed CMI than the cases with metastasis.

Effect of LH, FSH, LH + FSH and homoplastic pituitary extract on developing testis and epididymis of pigeon Columba livia.

Ovine LH is needed for differentiation of juvenile Leydig cells and for their maintenance and steroidogenic potential, while FSH is necessary for Sertoli cell activity and spermatogonial multiplication suggesting that LH is steroidogenic hormone and FSH is gametogenic in the developing pigeon, C. livia. Homoplastic pituitary extract is more potent than ovine LH + FSH in stimulating gametogenic and endocrine components of the developing testis.

Evaluation of various fibro-osseous tunnel pressures (carpal, cubital and tarsal) in normal human subjects.

Intra carpal, cubital and tarsal tunnel pressures were measured with open bore needle technique in 170 normal subjects. The pressure in carpal tunnel with wrist in neutral position was between 2.75 to 4.46 mm Hg which increased to 20-30 mm Hg. during flexion and extension of wrist. Pressures recorded in cubital tunnel were 2-5 mm Hg with full extended elbow and rose to 10-15 mm Hg and 20-28 mm Hg during 90 degrees flexion and full flexion of elbow respectively, pressures in tarsal tunnel were between 4-7 mm Hg in neutral position of ankle joint and with dorsi and plantar flexion of ankle it rose to 15-20 and 10-15 mm Hg respectively. There was no significant pressure difference between either sides and sexes; ages and proximally situated tunnel with distaly situated tunnel in same limb (Carpal tunnel Vs. Cubital tunnel). There was significant pressure difference between Carpal tunnel and Tarsal tunnel with wrist and ankle in their anatomical positions respectively.